1) Greek (red) and Phoenician (yellow) colonization of the Mediterranean (c.800-550 BC). 

2) The Conquests of Alexander the Great (333 to 323 BC)  and the Hellenistic Kingdoms (323 to 30 BC). 

3) Etruscan Italy

4) Peoples of the Italian Peninsula in Early Republican Period

5) The Italian Peninsula in the Early Roman Republican Period.